PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND ANTIBACTERIAL ANALYSIS OF HYPHAENETHEIBECA FRUIT EXTRACTS
Keywords:
hyphaenetheibeca, antibacterial agent, drug resistance, fruit extractsAbstract
Medicinal plants play vital roles in the control and prevention of various diseases such as cancers, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. These plants have been used as principal raw materials for production of various drugs due to their antimicrobial activities. The aim of this study is to carryout phytochemical screening and antibacterial analysis of Hyphane thebaica fruit extract. Extract the fruit using n-hexane, ethylacetate and ethanol. This study identifies the various chemical compounds present in the fruit extracted of hyphaenetheibeca found in Sokoto region and also evaluate it antibacterial activities agent (compound) for the possibility of using them in the development of new antibiotic to reduce cost of health care and mortality rate due to the resistance of bacteria to the already developed drugs. The fraction were tested for antibacterial activities using three bacterial strains (S.auriaus g+ve, E.coli g-ve and shagella g-ve, of the antibacterial screening that the fraction were to inhibition the growth of the bacteria with zone of inhibition that range 2-9mm standard method were adopted for both extract phytochemical and antibacterial studies. The result for the moisture content of the fruit extracted reveals that, the fruit extracted containing 94.14% of water. Cool extraction method was used to extract the fruit using three different solvent (n-hexane, ethylacetate and ethanol) the mass of the fraction obtained are 50g, 45g, and 40g with percentage yield of 5.8%, 2.2% and 2.32% for both n-hexane, ethylacetate and ethanol respectively.
References
Aboshora, W., Lianfu, Z., Dahir, M., Qingran, M., Qingrui, S., Jing, L., Al-Haj, N.Q.M., Ammar, A. (2014): Effect of extraction method and solvent power on polyphenol and flavonoid levels in Hyphaene thebaica L mart (Arecaceae)(Doum) fruit, and its antioxidant and antibacterial activities. – Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 13(12): 2057-2063.
Bhumi, G., Savithramma, N. (2014): Screening of pivotal medicinal plants for qualitative and quantitative phytochemical constituents. – International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences 6(3): 63-65.
Bahl, A. (2010): Advanced organic chemistry. – S. Chand Publication 1504p.
Calixto, J.B. (2000): Efficacy, safety, quality control, marketing and regulatory guidelines for herbal medicines (phytotherapeutic agents). – Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research 33: 179-189.
El-Beltagi, H.S., Mohamed, H.I. (2013): Reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation and antioxidative defense mechanism. – Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 41(1): 44-57.
El-Olemy, M.M., Al-Muhtadi, F.J., Afifi, A.F.A. (1994): Experimental phytochemistry: A laboratory manual. – King Saud University Press 143p.
Ewansiha, J.U., Garba, S.A., Galadima, M., Daniyan, S.Y., Busari, M.B., Doughari, J.H. (2017): Bioactivity of chromatographic fractions from Eucalyptus citriodora leaf against some bacterial pathogens. – International Journal of Clinical Medicine Research 4(1): 14p.
Galeotti, F., Barile, E., Curir, P., Dolci, M., Lanzotti, V. (2008): Flavonoids from carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus) and their antifungal activity. – Phytochemistry Letters 1(1): 44-48.
Halilu, M.E., October, N., Balogun, M., Agunu, A., Abubakar, A., Abubakar, M.S. (2013): Isolation and characterization of steroids from petroleum ether extract of stem bark of Parinari curatellifolia Planch ex. Benth (Chrysobalanaceae). – Journal of Natural Sciences Research 3(6): 53-61.
Herborne, J.B. (1973): Phytochemical methods. – A Guide to Modern Techniques of Plant Analysis 2: 5-11.
Hsu, B., Coupar, I.M., Ng, K. (2006): Antioxidant activity of hot water extract from the fruit of the Doum palm, Hyphaene thebaica. – Food Chemistry 98(2): 317-328.
Khalif, I.L., Quigley, E.M.M., Konovitch, E.A., Maximova, I.D. (2005): Alterations in the colonic flora and intestinal permeability and evidence of immune activation in chronic constipation. – Digestive and Liver Disease 37(11): 838-849.
Mohanta, B., Chakraborty, A., Sudarshan, M., Dutta, R.K., Baruah, M. (2003): Elemental profile in some common medicinal plants of India. Its correlation with traditional therapeutic usage. – Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry 258(1): 175-179.
Muhammad, I., Usman, J. (2023): Antibacterial studies of molecularly engineered graphitic carbon nitride (gC 3N4) to quaternary ammonium hydroxide (gC 3N4-OH) composite: An application towards generating new antibiotics. – Chem. Int. 9(3): 77-85.
Pradhan, P., Tamang, J.P. (2019): Phenotypic and genotypic identification of bacteria isolated from traditionally prepared dry starters of the Eastern Himalayas. – Frontiers in Microbiology 10: 15p.
Rhen, T., Cidlowski, J.A. (2005): Antiinflammatory action of glucocorticoids-new mechanisms for old drugs. – New England Journal of Medicine 353(16): 1711-1723.
Salunkhe, D.K., Chavan, J.K. (1989): Dietary tannins: consequences and remedies. – CRC Press 208p.
Srivastava, J., Lambert, J., Vietmeyer, N. (2005): Medicinal plants: An expanding role in from Western India for potential antimicrobial activity. – Indian Journal of Pharmacology 37: 406-409.
Usman, H., Osuji, J.C. (2007): Phytochemical and in vitro antimicrobial assay of the leaf extract of Newbouldia laevis. – African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines 4(4): 476-480.
Vandenbeldt, R.J. (1992): Problems with range-wide provenance trials of Faidherbia albida on sandy soils in Niger. – Faidherbia Albidn in the West African Semi-Arid Tropics: Proceedings of a Work-shop, ICRISAT-ICRAF 4p.
Zhao, Y., Yu, Y.B. (2016): Intestinal microbiota and chronic constipation. – Springerplus 5: 1-8.