CFD STUDY ON WAVE TRANSMISSION OF SUBMERGED HEMISPHERICAL SHAPED ARTIFICIAL REEF (HASR) BREAKWATER
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55197/qjoest.v6i3.252Keywords:
HSAR breakwater, wave transmission coefficient, erosion, coastalAbstract
Coastal erosion is the recession of shorelines and loss of land caused by waves, currents, and wind. Hemispherical Shaped Artificial Reefs (HSAR) can act as submerged breakwaters to mitigate erosion, offering structural protection while enhancing aquatic habitats and biodiversity. Designed to provide shelter for marine life, HSARs combine engineering with ecological benefits. Previous experimental studies on wave transmission over submerged breakwaters were conducted at the Hydraulic and River Engineering Laboratory of Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology. This study demonstrates wave transmission across HSAR breakwaters using the Volume of Fluid (VOF) method with the Reynolds-Averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) equations in the FLOW-3D numerical suite. The reefs were modeled using RHINOCEROS 5.0 software. The main objective is to determine wave transmission through numerical simulation. First, the model was validated against experimental results for submerged breakwaters. Further simulations assessed transmission with varying HSAR structural heights and designs. The findings showed close agreement between simulations and experiments, with percentage errors ranging from 4.1% to 16.7%. Results emphasize the significance of structural height in reducing the wave transmission coefficient, K_t. HSARs outperformed thalame breakwaters in transmission reduction, proving beneficial for coastal protection, environmental sustainability, and aquatic life.
References
[1] Armono, H.D. (2003): Wave transmission on submerged breakwaters made of hollow hemispherical shape artificial reefs. – Proceedings of the Canadian Coastal Conference 9p.
[2] Armono, H.D., Hall, K.R., Swamidas, A.S. (2001): Wave field around hemispherical shape artificial reefs. – Canadian Coastal Conference 15p.
[3] Arnouil, D.S. (2008): Shoreline response for a Reef Ball™ submerged breakwater system offshore of Grand Cayman Island. – Florida Institute of Technology 111p.
[4] Benda, L., Dunne, T. (1997): Stochastic forcing of sediment supply to channel networks from landsliding and debris flow. – Water Resources Research 33(12): 2849-2863.
[5] Brancasi, A., Leone, E., Francone, A., Scaravaglione, G., Tomasicchio, G.R. (2022): On formulae for wave transmission at submerged and low-crested breakwaters. – Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10(12): 20p.
[6] Fauzi, M.A.R., Armono, H.D., Mustain, M., Amalia, A.R. (2017): Comparison study of various type artificial reef performance in reducing wave height. – IPTEK Journal of Proceedings Series 3(6): 430-435.
[7] Hall, K.R. (1999): Wave transmission on submerged breakwaters made. – Canadian Coastal Conference 13p.
[8] Hall, K.R., Seabrook, S.R. (1998): Design equation for transmission at submerged rubblemound breakwaters. – Journal of Coastal Research SI(26): 102-106.
[9] Harris, L.E. (2003): Artificial reef structures for shoreline stabilization and habitat enhancement. – Proceedings of the 3rd International Surfing Reef Symposium 2p.
[10] Higgins, E., Scheibling, R., Meta, A. (2022): A systematic review of artificial reefs as platforms for coral reef research and conservation. – PLOS ONE 23p.
[11] Leatherman, S.P., Zahng, K., Douglas, B.C. (2011): Sea level rise shown to drive coastal erosion. – EOS, Transactions American Geophysical Union 81(6): 55-57.
[12] Lokesha, Sundar, V., Sannasiraj, S.A. (2013): Artificial reefs: A review. – International Journal of Ocean and Climate Systems 4(2): 117-124.
[13] Mahmoudi, A., Hakimzade, H., Ketabdari, M.J., Cartwright, N. (2017): Experimental study on wave transmission and reflection at impermeable submerged breakwaters. – International Journal of Coastal and Offshore Engineering 1(3): 19-27.
[14] Marsh, W.M., Kaufman, M.M. (2012): Coastal systems. – Physical Geography 27p.
[15] Prasad, D.H., Kumar, N.D. (2013): Coastal erosion studies: A review. – International Journal of Geosciences 5(3): 341-345.
[16] Rahimzadeh, A., Ghadimi, P., Feizi Chekab, M.A., Jabbari, M.H. (2014): Determining transmission coefficient of propagating solitary wave over trapezoidal breakwater and parametric studies on different influential factors. – International Scholarly Research Notices 7p.
[17] Rahman, M.A., Mizutani, N., Kawasaki, K. (2006): Numerical modeling of dynamic responses and mooring forces of submerged floating breakwater. – Coastal Engineering 53: 799-815.
[18] Rahman, M.A., Womera, S.A. (2013): Experimental and numerical investigation on wave interaction with submerged breakwater. – Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science 2(6): 155-164.
[19] Seabrook, S.R., Hall, K.R. (1998): Wave transmission on submerged breakwaters. – Coastal Engineering 14p.
[20] Sindhu, S., Shirlalb, K.G., Manu (2015): Prediction of wave transmission characteristics at submerged reef breakwater. – Procedia Engineering 116(1): 262-268.
[21] Stewart, R.H. (1987): Physical oceanography. – Deep Sea Research Part B: Oceanographic Literature Review 34(8): 629-645.
[22] Subiyanto, S., Hidayat, Y., Anwari, S., Mamat, M., Ahmad, M.F., Tofany, N., Supian, S. (2024): Numerical analysis of shoreline changes along the coast Batu Hiu–Bojong Salawe, Pangandaran Regency, West Java Province, Indonesia. – Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Sciences and Engineering Technology 42(2): 58-71.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 MOHAMMAD FADHLI AHMAD, MOHD AZLAN MUSA, MUHAMMAD FARIS ROSLAN, MUHAMMAD YUSUF RUSLI, SUNNY GOH ENG GIAP, HANHAN MAULANA, LAMECK FIWA
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
